Rabbit Polyclonal (IgG) to Human HLA-DQA1; Human HLA-DQA1; DC-alpha; DQ-A1; DC-1 alpha chain; Leukocyte antigen alpha chain; GSE; MHC class II DQA1; HLA-DCA; HLA-DQA; MHC class II antigen; CELIAC1; Leucocyte antigen DQA1; MHC class II HLA-DQ-alpha-1; MHC HLA-DQ alpha

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Polyclonal

IgG

Rabbit

Human HLA-DQA1

Caprylic acid and ammonium sulfate precipitation

PBS, pH 7.4, 0.03% Proclin 300, 50% glycerol.

Long term: -20 degree C
Short term: 4 degree C
Avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles

Small volumes of anti-HLA-DQA1 antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

HLA-DQA1 Antibody, DC-alpha Antibody, DQ-A1 Antibody, DC-1 alpha chain Antibody, Leukocyte antigen alpha chain Antibody, GSE Antibody, MHC class II DQA1 Antibody, HLA-DCA Antibody, HLA-DQA Antibody, MHC class II antigen Antibody, CELIAC1 Antibody, Leucocyte antigen DQA1 Antibody, MHC class II HLA-DQ-alpha-1 Antibody, MHC HLA-DQ alpha Antibody Description: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Paraffin, Western Blot (WB), ELISA (EIA)

IHC-P (10 ug/ml)

Human Adrenal: Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE)

27,805 Da

major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain

DQA1_HUMAN

HLA-DQA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DQA) and a beta chain (DQB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B Lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa. It is encoded by 5 exons; exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DQ molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to four different molecules. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow transplantation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

HLA-DQA1: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading

Protein type: Cell surface; Membrane protein, integral

Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; lysosomal membrane; membrane; MHC class II protein complex; plasma membrane; trans-Golgi network membrane

Molecular Function: MHC class II receptor activity; peptide antigen binding

Biological Process: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; T cell costimulation; T cell receptor signaling pathway

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