CD283

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Monoclonal

Mouse IgG1

Mouse

1 ml (100 ug/ml) 0.2 um filtered FITC conjugated sterile antibody solution in PBS, containing 1% bovine serum albumin and 0.02% sodium azide.

Product should be stored at 4 degree C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for one year.

Small volumes of anti-TLR3 antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

Product Description: The monoclonal antibody TLR3.7 recognizes the 116 kDa human Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3, CD283). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. TLRs constitute of a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate cellular responses to a large variety of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, and parasites) by specific recognition of so-called ?pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Activation of TLRs, a family of at least 11 different members that function either as homo- or heterodimers, leads to activation of NF degree Bdependent and IFN-regulatory factor-dependent signaling pathways. TLRs have a central role in innate immunity and are also required for the development of an adaptive immune response. TLRs are expressed by various cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. TLRs are class I receptors, with a single alpha-helix that spans the cell membrane. They recognize and respond to molecules derived from bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, peptidoglycan fragments from bacterial cell walls and single-stranded and double-stranded RNA from viruses.
Some forms of RNA and DNA from pathogens exhibit immutable features that distinguish them from nucleic acids of higher organisms. For example, dsRNA, is a common intermediate of viral replication and a potent indicator of infection. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes viral double-stranded RNA and its synthetic analog polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). TLR3 is normally located in acidic endosomes where its luminal ectodomain (ECD) encounters dsRNA and induces type I interferon (IFN), inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production and dendritic cell (DC) maturation via the adaptor protein TICAM-1 (also called TRIF). Based on the different subcellular localization of cytosolic RNA receptors and TLR3, these receptors seem to play distinct roles in anti-viral immune responses.

F, Flow Cytometry (FC/FACS), FS, Immunoflurescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), P, Western Blot (WB)

Application Notes: F: dried sections, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and subsequently washed in PBS and MQ. Sections were quenched with 0.3% H2O2 in methanol and washed in PBS. Sections were permeabilized with 0.4% triton-X100 in PBS. Pretreated slides were blocked with 1% horse serum for 20' and incubated o/n with antibody (Ref.5).
Application Use: For flow cytometry dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50.

72,937 Da

toll-like receptor 3

toll-like receptor 3

Toll-like receptor 3

TLR3_HUMAN

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It may thus play a role in host defense against viruses. Use of alternative polyadenylation sites to generate different length transcripts has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TLR3: a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. Most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas. Restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection. Acts via MyD88 and TRAF6, leading to the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferon.

Protein type: Receptor, cytokine; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q35

Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; cell surface; membrane; integral to plasma membrane; lysosomal membrane; cytoplasm; endosome membrane

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; transmembrane receptor activity; double-stranded RNA binding; receptor activity

Biological Process: I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process; toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; signal transduction; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; response to exogenous dsRNA; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; inflammatory response; toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway; defense response to virus; MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; male gonad development; activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; hyperosmotic response; positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process; detection of virus; positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process; defense response to bacterium; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; I-kappaB phosphorylation; positive regulation of inflammatory response; microglial cell activation during immune response; positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process

Disease: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Susceptibility To

1. Matsumoto, M et al; Establishment of a monoclonal antibody against human Toll-like receptor 3 that blocks double-stranded RNA-mediated signalling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002, 293: 1364 2. Oshiumi, H et al; TICAM-1, an adaptor molecule that participates in Toll-like receptor 3-mediated interferon-beta induction. Nat Immunol 2003, 4: 161
3. Matsumoto, M et al; Subcellular localization of Toll-like receptor 3 in human dendritic cells. J Immunol 2003, 171: 3154
4. Burgener, I et al; Antibodies specific for human or murine Toll-like receptors detect canine leukocytes by flow cytometry. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008, 124; 184
5. Jorgenson, R et al; Human endometrial epithelial cells cyclically express Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and exhibit TLR3-dependent responses to dsRNA. Human Immunology 2005; 66:469
6. Schreiner, B et al; Expression of Toll-like receptors by human muscle cells in vitro and in vivo: TLR3 is highly expressed in inflammatory and HIV myopathies, mediates IL-8 release, and up-regulation of NKG2D-ligands. Faseb 2006, 20:118

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